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Disease HICCUPS
   
Quotation “ Among the greatest discoveries of medicine are the generally belated ones that some treatments are utterly useless”
   
Definition Involuntary spasmodic contraction of inspiratory muscles, especially the diaphragm, occurring at brief intervals, with abrupt closure of the glottis arresting inspiration of air causing the characteristic sound. Caused by stimulation hiccup centre in the upper spinal cord. And mediated through the reflex arc through cagus and phrenic nerves.
   
Prognosis Most cases resolve spontaneously or to remedies.  Specific measures are those where the causative factor can be corrected.
   
Treatment

Home Remedies:

 

Breathe into a Plastic bag- held over nose and mouth.

Hold breath and long as possible 3-4 times.

Hold breath, pinch the nose and drink water.

 

If hiccups do not stop.

 

Mucain gel 2tsp 2-4 hourly (antacid + Oxethazine)

Tab. Baralgan 1 tds (Anti-spasmodic)

Tab. Largactil 50mg. 1stat and tds (Transquiliser)

Tab. ALPRAZOLAM 0.25mg tds if anxiety.

Give ice cold water, or Ice cream to eat.

 

If Hiccups are still nor controlled,

 

Inj. Baralgan 3cc IM or 5cc I.V. (Antispasmodic)

Xylocaine Viscous 30ml to drink, May be repeated after 4 hours.

Stomach wash with Ice-cold saline + 1% Sodabicard.

Inj. Largactil 50mg i.e 2cc IM.

 

If Hiccups are persistent or recurrent,

 

Ask for: Blood Urea and S. Creatnine,

              X-ray Cest, Xray KUB

              Gastroscopy

              Ultrasonography of Liver.

 

Young lady with hiccups:

Think whether they are Hysterical If suspected, Give Inj. Largactil 2cc IM.

 

Hiccups in a old male, are often due to prostatic enlargement causing rinay obstruction and raised clood urea. So, always ask for prostatic symptoms.

 

 

Mucain gel

Tab. Baralgan

Tab. Largactil

Inj. Baralgan

Inj. Largactil 

 

XYLOCAINE VISCOUS ALPRAZOLAM 
   
General Measures A Large number of Home remedies are popular –like eating a spoonful of sugar, sucking a candy, rebreathing into a paper bag, lifting the uvula with a spoon, sipping ice water, or inducing fright.. nonw of which is proven benefit.Medical measures tied includeRelief of gastric distension by naso-gastric aspiration or gastric lavage.Counter irritation of the vagus nerve with supra orbital pressure, or stimulation of nasopharynx with lubricated catheter, carotid sinus massageRespiratory centre stimulation by breathing 5% carbon-dioxide.Phenic nerve avulsion to paralyse hemidiaphragmPsychiatric therapy with hypnososAcupuncture
   
Advice to Patient Avoid over eating, drinking too many carbonated beverages and aerohagia.
   
Follow Up Until hiccups cease.
   
Inadequate Response Try alternative measures
   
Prevention Avoid of over eating, excess carbonated drinks consumption, and aerophagia.
   

 

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