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Indication & Dosage |
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| Parenteral |
| OVERDOSAGE WITH OTHER COMPOUNDS HAVING MUSCARINIC ACTIONS |
| Adult:
0.6-1 mg IV/IM/SC, repeated every 2 hr. |
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| Parenteral |
| ORGANOPHOSPHORUS POISONING |
| Adult:
2 mg IV/IM, every 10-30 minutes until muscarinic effects disappear or atropine toxicity appears. In severe cases, dose can be given as often as every 5 minutes. In moderate to severe poisoning, a state of atropinisation is maintained for at least 2 days and continued for as long as symptoms are present. |
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| Parenteral |
| PREMEDICATION IN BALANCED ANAESTHESIA |
| Child:
>20 kg: 300-600 mcg; 12-16 kg: 300 mcg; 7-9 kg: 200 mcg; >3 kg: 100 mcg. Doses to be given via IM/SC admin 30-60 minutes before anaesthesia. |
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| Parenteral |
| ORGANOPHOSPHORUS POISONINGPOISONING |
| Child:
20 mcg/kg given every 5-10 minutes. |
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| Parenteral |
| PREMEDICATION IN BALANCED ANAESTHESIA |
| Adult:
300-600 mcg IM/SC 30-60 minutes before anaesthesia. Alternatively, 300-600 mcg IV immediately before induction of anaesthesia. |
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| Intravenous |
| BRADYCARDIA |
| Child:
500 mcg every 3-5 minutes. Total: 3 mg. |
| Max Dosage: 0.04 mg/kg body weight. |
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| Ophthalmic |
| INFLAMMATORY EYE DISORDERS E.G. UVEITIS OR IRITIS |
| Adult:
Instill 1-2 drops of a 0.5-1% solution up to 4 times daily. |
| Max Dosage: 0.04 mg/kg body weight. |
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| Parenteral |
| INFLAMMATORY EYE DISORDERS E.G. UVEITIS OR IRITIS |
| Child:
As sulfate: Instill 1-2 drops of a 0.5% soln (or 1 drop of a 1% solution) up to tid. |
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| Ophthalmic |
| EYE REFRACTION |
| Adult:
Instill 1 drop of a 1% solution bid for 1-2 days before the procedure, or on a single occasion 1 hr before the procedure. |
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| Ophthalmic |
| EYE REFRACTION |
| Child:
As sulfate: Instill 1 or 2 drops of a 0.5% soln (or 1 drop of a 1% solution) bid for 1-3 days before the procedure, with a further dose given 1 hr before the procedure. |
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| Administration |
May be taken with or without food. (Take w/ food or water.) |
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| Precautions |
Reflux oesophagitis, elderly, infants and childn. Pregnancy. |
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Potentially Life-threatening
Adverse Drug Reactions |
Dry mouth, dysphagia, constipation, flushing and dryness of skin, tachycardia, palpitations, arrhythmias, mydriasis, photophobia, cycloplegia, raised intraocular pressure. Toxic doses cause tachycardia, hyperpyrexia, restlessness, confusion, excitement, hallucinations, delirium and may progress to circulatory failure and resp depression. Eye drops: Systemic toxicity esp in childn, on prolonged use may lead to irritation, hyperaemia, oedema and conjunctivitis. Increased intraocular pressure. Inhalation: Dryness of mouth, throat. |
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| Adverse Drug Reactions |
Atrial arrhythmias, AV dissociation, multiple ventricular ectopics. |
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| Interactions |
Additive anticholinergic effects with quinidine, antidepressants and some antihistamines. |
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