Indication & Dosage |
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| Oral |
| MALIGNANCIES |
| Adult:
Low-dose regimen: 2-6 mg/kg wkly in divided dose. May also be given as a single IV dose. |
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| Oral |
| AS PART OF THE CONDITIONING REGIMEN IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION |
| Adult:
60 mg/kg daily for 2 days. |
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| Intravenous |
| MALIGNANCIES |
| Adult:
Moderate dose regimen: 10-15 mg/kg wkly; high dose regimen: 20-40 mg/kg every 10-20 days. Dosage may vary depending on the disease state, patient's condition, state of the bone marrow and whether it is used as a single agent or in combination regimens. |
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| Administration |
Should be taken on an empty stomach (i.e. At least one hour before food or four hours after food). (Preferably taken on an empty stomach, but may be taken w/ meals to minimise GI irritation. Ensure adequate fluid intake. Swallow whole.) |
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| Precautions |
Blood disorders. Elderly or debilitated patients. Diabetic patients. Renal or hepatic impairment or who have gone adrenaloctomy. Previous treatment with x-ray or cytotoxic agents. Monitor haematological profile and presence of RBCs in urine regularly. Maintain adequate hydration and frequent micturition to reduce the risk of cystitis. |
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Potentially Life-threatening
Adverse Drug Reactions |
Congestive heart failure; leucopenia; poor wound healing; anorexia. Nausea, vomiting; alopoecia; oral mucosal ulceration; thrombocytopenia, anaemia; nonhaemorrhagic cystitis and/or fibrosis of the bladder; gonadal suppression, ovarian or skin and nail pigmentation, dermatitis, jaundice. |
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| Adverse Drug Reactions |
Myelosuppression; haemorrhagic cystitis; interstitial pulmonary fibrosis; tachyarrhythmias and intractable heart failure (high doses). Increased risk of developing acute leukaemias. |
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| Interactions |
Chronic high-dose administration of phenobarbital can increase the metabolism and leukopaenic activity of cyclophosphamide. Doxorubicin and daunorubicin increase risk of cardiotoxicity. Allopurinol may increase risk of bone marrow toxicity while chloramphenicol may increase the serum T½ of cyclophosphamide. |
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