Indication & Dosage |
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| Intravenous |
| ACUTE LEUKAEMIA |
| Child:
For acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: 25 mg/m2 BSA once wkly in combination with other regimens. <2 yr old or BSA <0.5 m2: 1 mg/kg once wkly. Max (total cumulative dose): 300 mg/m2 and in children <2 yr: 10 mg/kg. |
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| Intravenous |
| ACUTE LEUKAEMIA |
| Adult:
30-45 mg/m2 BSA daily on days 1-3 of the induction course and days 1 and 2 for the subsequent courses. Admin as a solution in 0.9% sodium chloride into a fast-running infusion of sodium chloride or glucose. May repeat course 3-6 wk later. Max (total cumulative dose): 550 mg/m2 in patients without risk factors for cardiotoxicity and 400 mg/m2 in patients who have received chest radiotherapy. |
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| Intravenous |
| KAPOSI'S SARCOMA |
| Adult:
As the liposomal formulation: Initially, 40 mg/m2 once every 2 wk, diluted in glucose 5% to a concentration of 0.2-1 mg/ml and given over 30-60 minutes. May continue for as long as disease control can be maintained. |
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| Precautions |
Regular blood count and ECG monitoring; elderly, children. Hepatic or renal impairment may increase risk of toxicity. Pre-existing cardiac disease and previous treatment with doxorubicin. Myocardial toxicity leading to potentially fatal congestive heart failure may occur during therapy or mth to yr after therapy cessation. Incidence of myocardial toxicity increases after total cumulative dose exceeds 400-550 mg/m2 in adults, 300 mg/m2 in children >2 yr, or 10 mg/kg in children <2 yr. Risk of severe myelosuppression leading to infection or haemorrhage. |
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Potentially Life-threatening
Adverse Drug Reactions |
GI disturbances; stomatitis; alopoecia and dermatological reactions. Extravasation of daunorubicin may cause severe local tissue necrosis damaging surrounding muscles, tendons and nerves. IV infusion, back pain, flushing and chest tightness. |
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| Adverse Drug Reactions |
Bone marrow suppression, cardiac toxicity, cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure. |
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| Interactions |
Increased risk of cardiotoxicity when used with cyclophosphamide. Increased risk of hepatic toxicity when used with hepatotoxic drugs e.g. high-dose methotrexate. |
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