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Indication & Dosage |
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| Intravenous |
| ACUTE RESPIRATORY FAILURE |
| Adult:
1.5-4 mg/minute by IV infusion. |
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| Intravenous |
| POSTOPERATIVE RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION |
| Adult:
Initially, 0.5-1.5 mg/kg given via IV inj over at least 30 sec. May repeat hrly, if necessary. Alternatively, it can be given via IV infusion at an initial rate of 2-5 mg/minute, may reduce to 1-3 mg/minute according to patient's response. Max total: 4 mg/kg. |
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| Precautions |
Heart diseases, hepatic or renal impairment. Monitor BP, pulse rate and deep tendon reflexes. Rapid infusion may result in haemolysis. Protect and maintain adequate airway. |
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| Adverse Drug Reactions |
Dyspnoea and other respiratory problems. Muscle involvement may range from fasciculations to spasticity or seizures. Headache, dizziness, confusion, hyperactivity, hyperpyrexia particularly in the genital or perineal regions. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, problems with urination. Alterations of BP and various arrhythmias. Thrombophloebitis following extravasation. |
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| Interactions |
Pressor effects enhanced by sympathomimetics or MAOIs. Masks residual effects of muscle relaxants. Cardiac arrhythmias with anaesthetics known to sensitise the myocardium. Concurrent use with aminophylline may manifest agitation and increased skeletal muscle activity. |
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