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Indication & Dosage |
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| Oral |
| ADJUNCT IN THE SHORT-TERM SYMPTOMATIC TREATMENT OF MUSCLE SPASM |
| Adult:
Initially: 1.5g 4 times daily, reduced according to response after 2-3 days. Maintenance: 2.25-4 g daily in divided doses. Max dose 8 g daily.
Elderly: Dose may need to be reduced by half. |
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| Intravenous |
| ADJUNCT IN THE SHORT-TERM SYMPTOMATIC TREATMENT OF MUSCLE SPASM |
| Adult:
1 g administered by slow inj or infusion at a rate not faster than 300 mg/min. In cases where patients are not able to continue with oral therapy, additional doses of 1 g every 8 hr may be used for up to 3 days. Max 3 g daily.
Elderly: Dose may need to be reduced by half. |
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| Intravenous |
| TETANUS |
| Adult:
Initial dosage of 3 g with 1-2 g given as a direct IV inj at a rate of no more than 300 mg/minute, and the remainder given as IV infusion. May repeat further doses of 1-2 g by IV infusion every 6 hr until a nasogastric tube can be inserted and tablets (in liquid suspension) can be administered. Max (oral): 24 g/day. |
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| Intravenous |
| TETANUS |
| Child:
15 mg/kg or 500 mg/m2 given by IV inj (suggested rate 180 mg/m2/min). Dose may be repeated every 6 hr if necessary by IV inj or infusion. Max dose 1.8 g/m2 daily for 3 consecutive days. |
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| Intramuscular |
| ADJUNCT IN THE SHORT-TERM SYMPTOMATIC TREATMENT OF MUSCLE SPASM |
| Adult:
1 g administered as 500 mg into each gluteal region as a single dose. In cases where patients are not able to continue with oral therapy, additional doses of 1 g every 8 hr may be used for up to 3 days. Max 3 g daily.
Elderly: Dose may need to be reduced by half. |
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| Administration |
May be taken with or without food. (May be taken w/ meals to reduce GI discomfort.) |
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| Precautions |
Renal or hepatic impairment; acidosis. Pregnancy and lactation. May impair ability to drive or operate machinery. Children ≤12 yr. |
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Potentially Life-threatening
Adverse Drug Reactions |
Nausea, anorexia, lassitude, drowsiness, dizziness, restlesness, anxiety, confusion, fever, headache, blurred vision, convulsions; hypersensitivity reactions e.g. rashes, pruritus, urticaria, angiodema. Parenteral: Flushing and a metallic taste; incoordination, diplopia, nystagmus, vertigo; sloughing and thrombophloebitis at the site of inj. |
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| Adverse Drug Reactions |
Parenteral: Syncope, hypotension, bradycardia, anaphylaxis. |
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| Interactions |
Action potentiated by alcohol and other CNS depressants. May inhibit effect of pyridostigmine, use with caution with anticholinesterase agents. |
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